DRUG TESTING - OTHER, Nails, sweat, air, secondhand smoke...


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DRUG TESTING - OTHER & Cannabis studies completed

1999 - Study ~ Nail Analysis for Drugs of Abuse: Extraction and Determination of Cannabis in Fingernails by Ria and Gc-ms.

2000 - News ~ Wiping Up the Evidence

2003 - Study ~ Comparison of meconium and neonatal hair analysis for detection of gestational exposure to drugs of abuse

2003 - Study ~ Prevalence of Illicit Drug Use in Plasmapheresis Donors.

2004 - Study ~ Usefulness of Sweat Testing for the Detection of Cannabis Smoke

2006 - Study ~ Determination of the prevalence of drug misuse by meconium analysis

2007 - Study ~ Prevalence of gestational exposure to cannabis in a Mediterranean city by meconium analysis.

2008 - Study - Excretion of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in sweat

2008 - Study - Comparison of meconium and neonatal hair analysis for detection of gestational exposure to drugs of abuse

2008 - News ~ CSI: fingerprinting and drug detection in one

2010 - Study ~ Drugs of abuse in airborne particulates in urban environments.

2011 - Study ~ Versatile new ion source for the analysis of materials in open air under ambient conditions.

2012 - Study ~ Chemiluminescence detection of cannabinoids and related compounds with acidic potassium permanganate.

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DRUG INTERACTIONS also see INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER DRUGS
DRUG TESTING
DRUG TESTING - BLOOD
DRUG TESTING - HAIR
DRUG TESTING - ORAL
DRUG TESTING - OTHER
DR UG TESTING - URINE

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Comparison of meconium and neonatal hair analysis for detection of gestational exposure to drugs of abuse

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003 March; 88(2): F98–F100.

doi: 10.1136/fn.88.2.F98.

PMCID: PMC1721515

Comparison of meconium and neonatal hair analysis for detection of gestational exposure to drugs of abuse

B Bar-Oz, J Klein, T Karaskov, and G Koren

This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.

Abstract

Background: Meconium and hair are two biological markers of in utero exposure to illicit drugs.

Objective: To compare the sensitivity of the two tests for different drugs.

Setting: Motherisk laboratory which tests in utero drug exposure in Toronto.

Methods: Cocaine, benzoylecgonine, opiates, cannabis, benzodiazepines, methadone, and barbiturates were measured in pairs of hair and meconium samples from the same neonates.

Results: Meconium was marginally more sensitive than neonatal hair for detection of cocaine and cannabis, possibly because it may detect second trimester exposure whereas hair grows only during the third trimester of pregnancy. There was a significant correlation between hair and meconium concentrations of cocaine, cannabis, and opiates.

Conclusion: In cases of clinical suspicion and a negative neonatal urine test, both meconium and hair are effective biological markers of in utero illicit drug exposure. Meconium may be more sensitive, but neonatal hair is available for three months whereas meconium is available for only one or two days. In contrast, the use of meconium, being a discarded material, is more acceptable to some parents than hair testing, which entails cutting scalp hair from the newborn.

Full Text

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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Excretion of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in sweat

Marilyn A. Huestis
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Corresponding author. Fax: +1 410 550 2468.
Karl B. Scheidweiler
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Takeshi Saito
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
Neil Fortner
- ChoicePoint, Inc., Alpharetta, GA
Tsadik Abraham
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Richard A. Gustafson
- US Navy, Navy Drug Screening Laboratory, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Michael L. Smith
Received 24 January 2007; received in revised form 27 March 2007; accepted 1 April 2007. published online 10 May 2007

Abstract

Sweat testing is a noninvasive technique for monitoring drug exposure over a 7-day period in treatment, criminal justice, and employment settings. We evaluated Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) excretion in 11 daily cannabis users after cessation of drug use. PharmChek^® sweat patches worn for 7 days were analyzed for THC by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The limit of quantification (LOQ) for the method was 0.4ng THC/patch. Sweat patches worn the first week of continuously monitored abstinence had THC above the United States Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration's proposed cutoff concentration for federal workplace testing of 1ng THC/patch. Mean±S.E.M. THC concentrations were 3.85±0.86ng THC/patch. Eight of 11 subjects had negative patches the second week and one produced THC positive patches for 4 weeks of monitored abstinence. We also tested daily and weekly sweat patches from seven subjects who were administered oral doses of up to 14.8mg THC/day for five consecutive days. In this oral THC administration study, no daily or weekly patches had THC above the LOQ; concurrent plasma THC concentrations were all less than 6.1μg/L. In conclusion, using proposed federal cutoff concentrations, most daily cannabis users will have a positive sweat patch in the first week after ceasing drug use and a negative patch after subsequent weeks, although patches may remain positive for 4 weeks or more. Oral ingestion of up to 14.8mg THC daily does not produce a THC positive sweat patch test...read full article

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